Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney is the second most common primary renal malignancy in childhood. It is histologically diverse, making accurate diagnosis challenging in some cases. Recent molecular studies have uncovered exon 15 internal tandem duplications in most cases, and fusion in a few cases, with the remaining cases having other genetic mutations, including fusion and mutations. Although clear cell sarcoma of the kidney has no specific immunophenotype, several markers including cyclin D1, nerve growth factor receptor, and BCOR (BCL6 corepressor) have emerged as potential diagnostic aides. This review provides a concise account of recent advances in our understanding of clear cell sarcoma of the kidney to serve as a practical update for the practicing pathologist.