To compare survival data in patients with resected bilateral synchronous pulmonary carcinomas with survival data from patients with lung cancer in pStages I through IV and to evaluate the usefulness of comprehensive histologic evaluation (CHE) of tumor histologic patterns to distinguish between synchronous primaries and intrapulmonary metastases.
Ten-year overall survival (OS) data from 18 patients with 44 resected synchronous bilateral lung cancers, classified as "synchronous primaries" or "metastases" using CHE, were compared with survival data of 2,879 patients with lung cancer in pStages I through IV.
Forty and four tumors from 16 and two patients, respectively, were classified as synchronous primaries and metastases. There were no significant differences in survival between these 18 patients and pStage I controls or between the synchronous primaries and the metastases patient groups. However, there were significant differences in survival between the patients with resected synchronous bilateral tumors and each of the pStage II through IV control groups (P < .05).
Patients with resected synchronous bilateral lung cancers had similar 10-year OS to patients with stage I disease, regardless of CHE data. Most resected tumors were synchronous primaries by CHE.