Abstract
Context .- Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a rapidly advancing technology, is widely applied in fields such as mechanical engineering and architecture. Three-dimensional printing has been introduced recently into medical practice in areas such as reconstructive surgery, as well as in clinical research. Three-dimensionally printed models of anatomic and autopsy pathology specimens can be used for demonstrating pathology entities to undergraduate medical, dental, and biomedical students, as well as for postgraduate training in examination of gross specimens for anatomic pathology residents and pathology assistants, aiding clinicopathological correlation at multidisciplinary team meetings, and guiding reconstructive surgical procedures. Objective .- To apply 3D printing in anatomic pathology for teaching, training, and clinical correlation purposes. Design .- Multicolored 3D printing of human anatomic pathology specimens was achieved using a ZCorp 510 3D printer (3D Systems, Rock Hill, South Carolina) following creation of a 3D model using Autodesk 123D Catch software (Autodesk, Inc, San Francisco, California). Results .- Three-dimensionally printed models of anatomic pathology specimens created included pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple operation) and radical nephrectomy specimens. The models accurately depicted the topographic anatomy of selected specimens and illustrated the anatomic relation of excised lesions to adjacent normal tissues. Conclusions .- Three-dimensional printing of human anatomic pathology specimens is achievable. Advances in 3D printing technology may further improve the quality of 3D printable anatomic pathology specimens.
摘要
背景 三维(3D)打印,一种迅速发展的技术,在机械工程和建筑等领域得到了广泛应用。最近3D打印已被引入到医疗实践如重建手术以及临床研究中。解剖和尸检病理标本3D的打印模型可用于向临床医学、牙医学和分子生物学本科生演示病变实体,也可用于解剖病理医生和助理病理医生肉眼检查病理标本的研究生培训,在多学科讨论会上协助临床病理联系,并指导重建外科手术步骤。目的 在解剖病理学教学、培训和临床联系中应用3D打印技术。设计 用Autodesk 123D Catch软件(Autodesk,Inc, San Francisco, California)制作3D模型,然后用ZCorp 510 3D打印机(3D系统,Rock Hill,South Carolina)彩色3D打印人体解剖病理标本。结果 3D打印病理解剖标本模型包括胰十二指肠切除术(Whipple手术)标本和根治性肾切除标本。这些模型准确地描绘了所选标本的解剖结构,并显示了切除病变与邻近正常组织的解剖关系。结论 人体解剖病理标本3D打印是可以实现的。3D打印技术的进步可能会进一步提升病理解剖标本3D打印质量。
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